<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="es">
  <title>Elio Leturia</title>
  <link href="http://voces.huffingtonpost.com/author/index.php?author=elio-leturia"/>
  <updated>2013-06-19T09:48:25-04:00</updated>
  <author>
    <name>Elio Leturia</name>
  </author>
  <id xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">http://www.voces.huffingtonpost.com/author/index.php?author=elio-leturia</id>
  <rights>Copyright 2008, HuffingtonPost.com, Inc.</rights>
  <subtitle>HuffingtonPost Blogger Feed for Elio Leturia</subtitle>
  <generator>Good old fashioned elbow grease.</generator>

<entry>
    <title>Not All Celebrate Dead with Food</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/day-of-the-dead_b_2061441.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2061441</id>
    <published>2012-11-02T18:09:35-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-02T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Celebrating death, especially with food, seemed so strange to me as South American Latino. When I asked about this to my Mexican friends they said that it was a way to celebrate the life that the dead person had had in this world.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[When do we celebrate the Day of the Dead? For me, it was always a day in early November, to be more specific, on November 2.<br />
<br />
Nothing unusual happened that day. Instead, the day before All Saints Day, was a holiday. We didn't have to go to work or to school. Banks and government offices were closed.<br />
<br />
Being in the southern hemisphere, the Day of the Dead took place in the spring. During this day, which is also called "All Souls Day" we would remember our loved ones who had passed away, and the best way to remember them was by visiting their graves in the cemetery and bringing flowers. All this was done the day before -- which was a Catholic holiday.<br />
<br />
But I came to the United States and the Day of the Dead was a celebration, mainly in the Mexican communities. They celebrate with sugar skulls, skeletons of cutout paper, and with sweet bread called <em>pan de muerto.</em> They celebrate with joy when building altars and place many objects that belonged to the deceased as a way of paying homage to their loved ones.<br />
<br />
Celebrating death, especially with food, seemed so strange to me, as South American Latino. When I asked about this to my Mexican friends they said that it was a way to celebrate the life that the dead person had had in this world.  <br />
<img alt="2012-11-02-Muertosopener.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-02-Muertosopener.jpg" width="260" style="float: left; margin:10px"> <br />
<br />
But still, it was unusual to me. I miss my friends and relatives who are not here anymore, and the idea that they are no longer among us fills me with sorrow. It is a sadness that turns into melancholy and ends in contemplation. And food becomes happiness, which is not what I feel when I miss them. <br />
<br />
Each culture has its own customs, tastes and values in respect for the dead. Mexican culture is very unique and different.<br />
<br />
It is, for me, like living near a cemetery. I consider it macabre. If I lived near one I would feel that maybe, one of these nights while getting home late, I could find myself video in a scene of "Thriller" by Michael Jackson.<br />
<br />
Blame it to my childhood traumas, but I feel it that way. <br />
<br />
Many years ago, when I was looking to buy house, I remember that my real estate agent took me to a very nice house that was located just across from a cemetery. "It is a very quiet area," she said. Sure, the dead spend their days and nights in silence, I thought. <br />
<br />
But as quiet as it could be, I told her very clearly to refrain from showing properties near a cemetery. Call it silly, but I didn't grew up with cemeteries near residential areas. They are always found on the outskirts of the city, so to visit the dead you need some time to get to the cemeteries.  <br />
<br />
As soon as you arrive, the obligatory stop are the flower kiosks where you can buy different kinds of flowers. One never comes to the cemetery with empty hands. You don't bring bring food, but flowers: You pray, reflect, walk through the different tombs. You even say: "We visited my grandmother already, now let's go to the grave of Aunt Mary and Uncle Oscar."<br />
<br />
You can spend hours, walking and leaving flowers at funeral altars in different graves, always with a sober spirit, very quiet and very respectful. No laughter or loud voices are heard. Only the wind and the faint smell of the flowers, which like those found underground, come prepared to die. <br />
<br />
<em>(Photo illustration by Elio Leturia)</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/843404/thumbs/s-SANTA-MUERTE-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>A cada muerto con su tema</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://voces.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/a-cada-muerto-con-su-tema_b_2061557.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2061557</id>
    <published>2012-11-02T11:10:00-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-02T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[¿Cuándo celebramos el día de los muertos? Para mí, siempre fue un día a inicios de noviembre; para ser más específicos, el 2 de noviembre. Nada fuera de lo común ocurría ese día. Al contrario, el día anterior, día de Todos los Santos, era feriado. No había que ir a trabajar o a la escuela. Muchos bancos y oficinas públicas permanecían cerrados.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[<img alt="dia de muertos" src="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/844839/thumbs/s-DIA-DE-MUERTOS-large300.jpg?4" /><br />
<br />
&iquest;Cu&aacute;ndo celebramos el d&iacute;a de los muertos?<br />
<br />
Para m&iacute;, siempre fue un d&iacute;a a inicios de noviembre; para ser m&aacute;s espec&iacute;ficos, el 2 de noviembre.<br />
Nada fuera de lo com&uacute;n ocurr&iacute;a ese d&iacute;a. Al contrario, el d&iacute;a anterior, d&iacute;a de Todos los Santos, era feriado. No hab&iacute;a que ir a trabajar o a la escuela. Muchos bancos y oficinas p&uacute;blicas permanec&iacute;an cerrados.<br />
<br />
Era un d&iacute;a de primavera, ya que yo crec&iacute; en el hemisferio sur, donde las estaciones suceden en modo contrario. En esta fecha se recordaban a nuestros seres queridos que ya hab&iacute;an pasado a mejor vida y la mejor manera de recordarlos era visitando sus tumbas en el cementerio y llevarles flores. Todo eso se hac&iacute;a el d&iacute;a anterior, el d&iacute;a festivo.<br />
<br />
Pero llego a los Estados Unidos y el d&iacute;a de los muertos es toda una celebraci&oacute;n en las comunidades mexicanas. Celebran con calaveras de az&uacute;car, con esqueletos de papel picado, con el pan de muerto. Celebran con benepl&aacute;cito al construir sus altares en los que colocan muchos objetos que pertenecieron al difunto.<br />
<br />
Celebrar la muerte, especialmente con comida, me parec&iacute;a tan extra&ntilde;o. Pero en realidad lo que me contaron siempre era que celebraban la vida que el muerto hab&iacute;a tenido en este mundo, con alegr&iacute;a, no con tristeza. <br />
<br />
<img alt="2012-11-02-Muertosopener.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-02-Muertosopener.jpg" width="280" style="float: left; margin:10px"><br />
<br />
Igualmente segu&iacute;a siendo peculiar porque yo extra&ntilde;o a mis muertos, y la idea de que ya no se encuentren entre nosotros me llena de tristeza. La comida trae felicidad. "Barriga llena, coraz&oacute;n contento", reza el dicho. Entonces, si comer trae alegr&iacute;a, no va con la pena de no estar con la persona que se fue. Una pena que se torna en melancol&iacute;a, y que termina en contemplaci&oacute;n.<br />
<br />
Es que cada cultura tiene sus costumbres, valores y sabores y en lo que respecta a los muertos, la cultura mexicana es muy particular y diferente.<br />
<br />
Es, para m&iacute;, como vivir cerca de un cementerio. Yo lo considero macabro. Si viviera cerca a uno sentir&iacute;a que de pronto, una noche de &eacute;stas o de aquellas, al llegar a mi casa tarde, me podr&iacute;a encontrar con una escena como la del video "Thriller" de Michael Jackson. <br />
Quiz&aacute; traigo traumas de la ni&ntilde;ez, pero lo siento as&iacute;.<br />
<br />
Hace muchos a&ntilde;os, cuando buscaba vivienda para comprar, recuerdo que la agente de bienes ra&iacute;ces me llev&oacute; a una casa muy simp&aacute;tica que justamente quedaba al frente de un cementerio. "Es una zona muy tranquila", me dijo, sonriente. Claro, los muertos pasan sus d&iacute;as y noches en silencio, pens&eacute;. <br />
<br />
Pero por m&aacute;s silenciosa que sea la zona, yo le dije muy claramente que se abstuviera de mostrarme propiedades cercanas a un camposanto. Ll&aacute;menlo tonter&iacute;as, pero no crec&iacute; con cementerios cercanos a zonas residenciales. Siempre se encontraron en las afueras de la ciudad, e ir a visitar a los muertos requer&iacute;a de tiempo.<br />
<br />
Afuera del cementerio se encontraban las vendedoras de flores y era la parada obligatoria antes de ingresar. Uno nunca llega al cementerio con las manos vac&iacute;as. No llevas comida, sino flores: rezas, reflexionas, caminas por las diferentes tumbas. Incluso dices: "Ya visitamos a la abuela, ahora vamos a la tumba de la t&iacute;a Mar&iacute;a y del t&iacute;o Oscar". <br />
<br />
Y as&iacute; pueden pasarse las horas, recorriendo altares mortuorios y dejando flores en las diferentes tumbas, siempre con un esp&iacute;ritu sobrio y callado, y muy respetuoso. No se escuchan risas ni voces fuertes. S&oacute;lo el viento y el olor tenue de las flores, que como los que se encuentran bajo tierra, llegan preparadas a morir. <br />
<br />
<em>(Fotoilustraci&oacute;n por Elio Leturia)</em><br />
<br />
<HH--236SLIDEEXPAND--256110--HH>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/844839/thumbs/s-DIA-DE-MUERTOS-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Yo te saludo y tú no contestas... ¿Te criaron en un corral?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://voces.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/saludar-signo-educacion_b_1730654.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1730654</id>
    <published>2012-08-04T07:15:00-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-10-04T05:12:10-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA["¿Has entrado al corral?, decía mi madre cuando aparecía en una habitación donde ella se encontraba y no saludaba. Tendría diez años de edad y con tan buen entrenamiento aprendí a saludar al entrar a un lugar y despedirme al salir. Desafortunadamente, esa lección de básico comportamiento social aparece muy esporádicamente en el mundo laboral y social en el cual actualmente me desenvuelvo.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[<img alt="educacion saludo" src="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/715182/thumbs/s-EDUCACION-SALUDO-large300.jpg?4" /><br />
<br />
"&iquest;Has entrado al corral?, dec&iacute;a mi madre cuando aparec&iacute;a en una habitaci&oacute;n donde ella se encontraba y no saludaba.<br />
<br />
Tendr&iacute;a diez a&ntilde;os de edad y con tan buen entrenamiento aprend&iacute; a saludar al entrar a un lugar y despedirme al salir.<br />
<br />
Desafortunadamente, esa lecci&oacute;n de b&aacute;sico comportamiento social aparece muy espor&aacute;dicamente en el mundo laboral y social en el cual actualmente me desenvuelvo.<br />
<br />
&iquest;Por qu&eacute; mucha gente no saluda? Bien podr&iacute;a ser el tema de una tesis de antropolog&iacute;a.<br />
<br />
Hace m&aacute;s de quince a&ntilde;os, cuando trabajaba en el peri&oacute;dico Detroit Free Press, not&eacute; ese hecho que hasta ese entonces lo hab&iacute;a atribuido a ni&ntilde;os maleducados. Diariamente entraba a la sala de redacci&oacute;n y saludaba, pero mis compa&ntilde;eros parec&iacute;an estar tan enfrascados en sus labores que no contestaban.<br />
<br />
En esos momentos pens&eacute; que se trataba de un fen&oacute;meno local del estado de Michigan. Ingenuo, yo.<br />
<br />
Un d&iacute;a, mi amiga Gabriela, una dise&ntilde;adora mexicana con la que trabajaba, lleg&oacute; feliz a la oficina. "Good morning", dijo a quienes estaban presentes. Nada. "Good morning", repiti&oacute; esta vez con voz un poco m&aacute;s alta. Nada, ni siquiera un suspiro. "GOOD MORNING!", grit&oacute; ofuscada. Reci&eacute;n ah&iacute; se levantaron algunas cabezas y contestaron t&iacute;midamente mientras ella refunfu&ntilde;aba camino a su escritorio.<br />
<br />
Estoy seguro que ellos pensaron que se habr&iacute;a levantado con el pie izquierdo.<br />
<br />
<img alt="educacion saludo" src="http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/hello2.jpg" /><br />
<br />
"&iquest;Qu&eacute; les pasa que no contestan el saludo?", me pregunt&oacute;. "No lo s&eacute;", contest&eacute;. "Los habr&aacute;n criado en un corral", a&ntilde;ad&iacute;.<br />
<br />
Tambi&eacute;n comenc&eacute; a observar que mucha gente al irse tampoco se desped&iacute;a. Cual resbaladizos moluscos marinos se escabull&iacute;an entre las sombras y desaparec&iacute;an como Endora en Hechizada. Lo estaba notando tanto en el trabajo como en reuniones sociales. &iquest;A qu&eacute; se debe este fen&oacute;meno?<br />
&iquest;Es que la Generaci&oacute;n X dej&oacute; de tener acceso a lecciones de urbanidad?<br />
<br />
Sin embargo, tambi&eacute;n debo decir que he sido testigo de gente muy educada que da cuenta de "tradicionales" maneras de comportamiento. Generalmente se trata de personas mayores, el segmento de mayor edad de los "baby boomers".<br />
<br />
Este verano tom&eacute; una clase en la universidad donde trabajo y las sesiones eran dos veces por semana. Cuando entraba al sal&oacute;n y ve&iacute;a a mis compa&ntilde;eros (nacidos en la d&eacute;cada de los 90) saludaba con un simple "hola" o "buenas tardes". Pero s&oacute;lo el profesor contestaba. Los dem&aacute;s parec&iacute;an haber sufrido una lobotom&iacute;a o perdido la audici&oacute;n. Continuaban viendo sus monitores o sus mensajes de texto, o simplemente perdidos en el universo.<br />
<br />
&iquest;Qu&eacute; est&aacute; pasando? &iquest;Es que a las nuevas generaciones las criaron las vacas? &iquest;Es que saludar ya pas&oacute; de moda?<br />
<br />
Pero el problema va m&aacute;s all&aacute;.<br />
<br />
No s&oacute;lo se trata de la Generaci&oacute;n del Milenio. Algunos compa&ntilde;eros de trabajo, ya entrados en sus cuarentas entran a un lugar sin saludar y se van sin despedirse, sin mostrar ninguna actitud o hacer ning&uacute;n aspaviento. Al principio pens&eacute; que estar&iacute;an distra&iacute;dos o preocupados pero con la constante repetici&oacute;n me di cuenta que era algo com&uacute;n y corriente.<br />
<br />
Entonces, &iquest;cu&aacute;ndo se perdi&oacute; el manual de urbanidad o qui&eacute;n lo tir&oacute; por la ventana?<br />
<br />
Conversando con un amigo "cien por ciento" estadounidense, cuya familia ha estado en esta parte del continente por m&aacute;s de 200 a&ntilde;os, me cuenta que en las m&aacute;s recientes generaciones de gringos ha disminuido la tendencia a ser sociable, por lo tanto a tener menor propensi&oacute;n a seguir las normas de educaci&oacute;n que la generaci&oacute;n anterior. La competitividad tiene que ver con eso. El objetivo del triunfo personal, la independencia, el egocentrismo inculcado han promovido una vida m&aacute;s centrada en el individuo que en el grupo. <br />
<br />
El afirma que todo esto cambi&oacute; despu&eacute;s de la segunda guerra mundial, donde miles de mujeres salieron a trabajar por lo que las diferencias de clase comenzaron a borrarse. Del mismo modo, "las buenas maneras" inculcadas en las clases m&aacute;s altas desaparec&iacute;an, al haber m&aacute;s gente que trabajaba para sobrevivir.<br />
<br />
Yo tengo claro que mucha de la gente con la que me he encontrado que presenta este tipo de comportamiento, m&aacute;s informal y menos "educado", no lo hace al prop&oacute;sito. No han tenido a unos padres o maestros en la escuela insistir en practicar las b&aacute;sicas maneras de urbanidad.<br />
<br />
A pesar de saber esto y de vivirlo a diario, debo confesar que a&uacute;n me incomoda encontrarme con gente que interrumpe una conversaci&oacute;n sin disculparse, que no saluda, pone los pies sobre la mesa, se estira como un gato que reci&eacute;n se despert&oacute; o bosteza en tu cara sin taparse la boca.  Lo &uacute;nico que pienso para difuminar mi incomodidad es pensar en mi madre y o&iacute;r en mi cabeza: "Deben haber sido criados en un corral".]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/715182/thumbs/s-EDUCACION-SALUDO-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>I Say Hello; You Say ... Nothing</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/i-say-hello-you-say-nothi_b_1721970.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1721970</id>
    <published>2012-08-01T12:03:07-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-10-01T05:12:03-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Over my many years in the United States, I've come to understand that people don't mean to be rude when they fail to greet you. Their me-centeredness is simply part of the culture now.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA["Have you entered the chicken pen?" my mother would ask me if I dared to enter a room without greeting her.<br />
<br />
I was about 10 years old. With such good training, I learned to greet others when entering a place and to say goodbye when leaving. <br />
<br />
Unfortunately, this basic rule of social etiquette is applied only sporadically in the workplace and in the circles in which I travel now. <br />
<br />
Why do so few people greet others? It may well be the subject of an anthropology thesis. <br />
I first noticed this phenomenon more than 15 years ago while I was working at the Detroit Free Press. I would enter the newsroom every day and say hello, but my coworkers were so immersed in their work that they didn't answer. <br />
<br />
At that time, I thought it was just part of the culture in Michigan. I was na&iuml;ve.<br />
<br />
One day, my friend and coworker Gabriela, a native of Mexico, came to the office feeling happy. "Good morning," she said to those who were present. Nothing. "Good morning," she repeated, this time raising her voice slightly. Nothing, not even a sigh. "GOOD MORNING!!" she finally shouted. Only then did some of them timidly raise their heads and mutter something while she walked angrily to her desk. I'm sure they thought she had gotten up on the wrong side of the bed. <br />
<img alt="2012-07-31-hello2.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-07-31-hello2.jpg" width="240" height="334" style="float: left; margin:10px" /> "What's wrong with them that they don't greet back?" she asked me. "I don't know," I said. "They must have been reared in a chicken pen."<br />
<br />
I also began noticing that many people left at the end of the day without a goodbye or a good night. Like slippery marine mollusks, they would sneak into the shadows and disappear as Endora on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endora_%28Bewitched%29" target="_hplink">Bewitched</a>. I saw the same thing happen at social gatherings. Why? I wondered.<br />
<br />
Is it that members of Generation X never learned some basic lessons of civility? (I noticed that some educated older people -- usually early baby boomers -- were a bit more more likely to greet others.)<br />
<br />
This summer I took a class at the university where I work, and the sessions met twice a week. Every time I arrived for class, I greeted my classmates (most born in the 1990s) with a simple  "hello" or "good afternoon." Only the teacher answered. The others appeared to have lost their hearing. They continued looking at their monitors, reading through text messages or staring at the universe.<br />
<br />
This isn't just about millennials, however. Many coworkers in their mid-40s enter a place without greeting others and leave without saying goodbye. So again I ask: When did the manual of etiquette get broken? <br />
<br />
An American friend whose family has been on this continent for more than 200 years tells me that sociability has decreased among younger generations of Americans. They're less likely to follow the rules established by previous generations. Competitiveness partly explains it. They're pursuing personal success and independence, and they're more interested in pursuing individuality than in following social rules established to promote group cohesion. <br />
<br />
He says the rules began to change after World War II when millions of U.S. women entered the workplace. Americans became more mobile and old class distinctions began to blur. The so-called good manners observed by the former upper classes began to disappear as the American dream became more accessible to more people.  <br />
<br />
Over my many years in the United States, I've come to understand that people don't mean to be rude when they fail to greet you. Their me-centeredness is simply part of the culture now. Still, I must confess that I feel bothered when others interrupt a conversation without an apology and don't greet friends and coworkers. To ease my discomfort, I think of my mother and what she might say: "They must have been raised in a pen."]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Una momia en Chicago</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://voces.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/momia-chicago_b_1610407.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1610407</id>
    <published>2012-06-22T07:00:00-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-08-22T05:12:22-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Eugene Davis nunca pensó que iba a terminar como un egipcio. Momificado. Este ciudadano de la ciudad de Blue Island, a 17 millas al sur de Chicago, fue encontrado el pasado 22 de mayo en el suelo de su casa, cerca de su cama, muerto, momificado --sin haber sido embalsamado. Según el reporte del médico forense, Davis habría fallecido a causa de una enfermedad cardiovascular, de manera natural.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[Eugene Davis nunca pens&oacute; que iba a terminar como un egipcio. Momificado. Este ciudadano de la ciudad de Blue Island, a 17 millas al sur de Chicago, fue encontrado el pasado 22 de mayo en el suelo de su casa, cerca de su cama, muerto, momificado --<em>sin haber sido embalsamado.</em> Seg&uacute;n el reporte del m&eacute;dico forense, Davis habr&iacute;a fallecido a causa de una enfermedad cardiovascular, de manera natural.<br />
<br />
Pero, &iquest;c&oacute;mo es posible que Sonny (como lo llamaban en su comunidad) haya muerto en el olvido, en una casa donde hab&iacute;a vivido por d&eacute;cadas, al punto de ser encontrado en estado de momificaci&oacute;n?<br />
Los servicios de agua y electricidad hab&iacute;an ya sido suspendidos por algunos meses. La correspondencia se apilaba en el buz&oacute;n que el agente de correos dej&oacute; de despacharla. La maleza hab&iacute;a crecido casi tres pies. <br />
<br />
&iquest;Es que Davis no ten&iacute;a familia que se comunicara con &eacute;l? Algunos reportes dicen que se encontraba alejado de ella. &iquest;Es que no ten&iacute;a amigos que extra&ntilde;aran su presencia en el barrio? Sus vecinos dicen que era un hombre solitario pero "muy amigable".<br />
<br />
Cuando me enter&eacute; de estos hechos no pude evitar recordar algo que me pas&oacute; hace casi cuatro a&ntilde;os.<br />
Ya llevaba trabajando dos a&ntilde;os en Chicago, viviendo en el mismo condominio por casi un a&ntilde;o y medio. Ya estaba acostumbrado a vivir alejado de mi familia, despu&eacute;s de m&aacute;s de 10 a&ntilde;os en los Estados Unidos. Pero nunca hab&iacute;a experimentado lo que era tener limitaciones de movilidad y necesidad de atenci&oacute;n, viviendo solo.<br />
<br />
Uno crece pensando que es un s&uacute;per hombre, que no necesita de nadie.<br />
<br />
Pero luego de una operaci&oacute;n de hernia en la columna, el resultado fue inmovilidad y dificultad en desplazarme. &iquest;C&oacute;mo me preparar&iacute;a la comida? &iquest;C&oacute;mo limpiar&iacute;a la casa? Tareas sencillas  se hab&iacute;an vuelto desaf&iacute;os.<br />
<br />
Llegu&eacute; a casa con puntos quir&uacute;rgicos en la espalda, much&iacute;simo dolor y claras indicaciones de reposo absoluto. S&oacute;lo caminar para ir al ba&ntilde;o era un reto.<br />
<br />
Pas&eacute; dos largas semanas recostado en el sof&aacute; de mi sala de estar. Vi todos los cap&iacute;tulos de "La Ley y el Orden" (Law &amp; Order) que pudieron caber en esos 15 d&iacute;as. Com&iacute; a diario pan y sopa de lata en el almuerzo y la cena.<br />
<br />
Durante ese tiempo recib&iacute; unas cuantas llamadas que puedo contar con los dedos de una mano. Llegaron algunos e-mails que me deseaban pronta mejor&iacute;a y que terminaban diciendo: "D&eacute;jame saber si necesitas algo".<br />
<br />
Yo me cuestionaba: "&iquest;Saben que no puedo casi ni moverme y me preguntan que les avise si necesito algo? &iquest;Es una broma?"<br />
<br />
Claro que s&iacute; necesitaba ayuda. "Anda al supermercado, l&iacute;mpiame la casa, l&aacute;vame la ropa", me daban ganas de contestar. &iquest;Se trataba una oferta honesta o un ofrecimiento hecho s&oacute;lo por decir?<br />
Nunca lo supe pues no tom&eacute; la oferta.<br />
<br />
Sobreviv&iacute;, por supuesto. Tuve tiempo de sobra para reflexionar sobre mi vida, el valor de la amistad y filosofar sobre la condici&oacute;n humana, mientras que Olivia Benson y Elliot Stabler continuaban resolviendo cr&iacute;menes en el televisor.<br />
<br />
Meses despu&eacute;s, cuando ya andaba recuper&aacute;ndome, en una conversaci&oacute;n telef&oacute;nica de larga distancia con mi madre le dije, a&uacute;n sorprendido: "Mam&aacute;, aqu&iacute; te puedes morir y nadie se dar&iacute;a cuenta hasta que el olor sea tan fuerte que los vecinos se pregunten que habr&aacute; pasado en el edificio". <br />
<br />
Despu&eacute;s de mi experiencia, la solitaria muerte de Sonny a&uacute;n me llama la atenci&oacute;n. &Eacute;l hab&iacute;a vivido en esa casa desde joven y era amigo de sus vecinos. &iquest;Por qu&eacute; tanta indiferencia? Al fin y al cabo, yo era "nuevo" a&uacute;n en el barrio y en el trabajo.<br />
<br />
Estas me parecen claras diferencias culturales. En otros pa&iacute;ses, dir&iacute;a que la gente actuar&iacute;a de distinta manera si por casualidad un d&iacute;a desapareces. Quiz&aacute; sea por pura chismoser&iacute;a, tan com&uacute;n como es en Latinoam&eacute;rica el estar observando la vida ajena; cu&aacute;ndo entr&oacute;, sali&oacute; o que est&aacute; haciendo el vecino.<br />
<br />
Pero la vida por estos lares es m&aacute;s independiente, solitaria y desapegada emocionalmente. Cada quien vive su vida. No es que los norteamericanos sean personas antisociales o desamoradas, pero ciertamente m&aacute;s distantes y desconfiadas, al punto tal que puedes terminar muerto en soledad y convertirte en momia.]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/657186/thumbs/s-SOLEDAD-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>A Mummy in Chicago</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/a-mummy-in-chicago_b_1591706.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1591706</id>
    <published>2012-06-15T07:49:24-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-08-15T05:12:05-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Eugene Davis could never have thought he would end up like an Egyptian. Mummified. This citizen of Blue Island, 17 miles south of Chicago, was found dead last May 22 on the floor of his home, near his bed, mummified--without being embalmed.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[Eugene Davis could never have thought he would end up like an Egyptian. Mummified. This citizen of Blue Island, 17 miles south of Chicago, was found dead last May 22 on the floor of his home, near his bed, mummified--without being embalmed. According to the coroner's report, Davis would have died from cardiovascular disease, due to natural causes. But how could Sonny (as he was called in the community) die forgotten, in a house where he had lived for decades, to the point of being found in a state of mummification?<br />
<br />
Water and electricity had already been suspended for several months. There was no more room in his mailbox so the postman stopped delivering the mail. Weeds had grown almost three feet. Was it that Davis had no family to check on him? Some reports say he was estranged from them. Didn't he have friends who would miss his presence in the neighborhood? His neighbors say he was a lonely man but "very friendly."<br />
<br />
When I learned about these events I could not help but remember something that happened to me almost four years ago. I had been working for two years in Chicago, living in the same condominium for almost a year and a half. After 10 years in the United States, I was already accustomed to living away from my family. But I had never experienced what it was like to have limited mobility and need for care while living alone.<br />
<br />
<img alt="2012-06-12-Letmeknowif.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-12-Letmeknowif.jpg" width="550" height="62" /><br />
<br />
You grow up thinking you're a super man who needs no one. But after hernia surgery in the lower back, the result was immobility and difficulty in moving around by myself. How do I prepare my food? How do I clean the house? Simple tasks like those had become challenges. After the operation, I came back home with surgical stitches in the back, a lot of pain and clear indications of absolute rest. Just walking to the bathroom was a challenge. I spent two long weeks lying on the couch in my den. I watched all the episodes of <em>Law and Order</em> that were able to fit in those 15 days. I ate bread and canned soup for lunch and dinner. During that time I received few calls, enough to count with the fingers of one hand. I got a few emails wishing me a speedy recovery that ended up saying: "Let me know if you need anything." I asked myself: "They know I can hardly move and I am asked if I need anything? Are you kidding me?" Of course I needed help. "Go to the supermarket, clean the house, do my laundry," I felt like answering. Was this an honest offer or just something to say like "have a nice day." I never knew, because I did not take the offer.<br />
<br />
I survived, of course. I had plenty of time to reflect on my life, the value of friendship and the human condition, while Oliva Benson and Eliot Stabler continued solving crimes on TV.<br />
<br />
Months later, when I was still recovering, during a long distance telephone conversation I told my mother: "Mom, you can die here and nobody would notice it until the smell is so strong that the neighbors would wonder if an opossum has died in the building."<br />
<br />
Even after that experience, the lonely death of Sonny still catches my attention. He had lived in that house for almost all his life and was friends with his neighbors. Why the indifference?<br />
I can observe the cultural differences very clearly. In other countries, I would say that people would act differently, if by any chance someone known disappears. It could be because people's gossiping, as common as it is in Latin America to be watching other's lives, at what time the neighbor got home, left, or what he is doing.<br />
<br />
But life in these parts of the world is more independent, solitary and emotionally detached. Everyone is proud of being so self-sufficient. Not that Americans are antisocial or unloving, but certainly more distant and guarded, to the point that in some cases you might end up dead in loneliness and become a mummy.]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Alcalde Rahm Emanuel empieza a estudiar español</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://voces.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/alcalde-rahm-emanuel-empi_b_1572682.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1572682</id>
    <published>2012-06-07T07:10:00-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-08-07T05:12:03-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Como hispanoparlante nativo y profesor de periodismo en Chicago puedo dar cuenta que muchos de los estudiantes latinos que conozco no necesariamente fueron criados como activos participantes de su cultura o lengua de origen.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[<img alt="rahmspanish" src="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/634098/thumbs/a-RAHMSPANISH-233x155.jpg?10" align="left" style="padding:10px;"/><br />
<br />
Ahora resulta que el alcalde Emanuel estar&iacute;a tomando clases de espa&ntilde;ol para poderse comunicar mejor con los hispanos.<br />
<br />
Como dicen mis conciudadanos por estas tierras: "Good for him!"<br />
<br />
Al parecer, una medida muy acertada, y conveniente, por supuesto. Acertada pues el alcalde podr&aacute; comunicarse mejor, y conveniente pues conseguir&aacute; m&aacute;s simpatizantes que lo apoyen.<br />
Seg&uacute;n las estad&iacute;sticas, de los 2'850,000 residentes que tiene Chicago, m&aacute;s de la cuarta parte son latinos. Pero ojo, el hecho que la poblaci&oacute;n sea latina, no quiere necesariamente decir que hable espa&ntilde;ol.<br />
<br />
Como hispanoparlante nativo y profesor de periodismo en Chicago puedo dar cuenta que muchos de los estudiantes latinos que conozco no necesariamente fueron criados como activos participantes de su cultura o lengua de origen.<br />
<br />
M&aacute;s de una vez he cometido el error de dirigirme en espa&ntilde;ol a alguna persona que encaja en la imagen estereotipada del latino: ojos, piel y cabello oscuro, cuyo apellido termine en "ez", por ejemplo, y darme con la perpleja reacci&oacute;n de la persona, que termina mir&aacute;ndome con cara de susto mezclada con sorpresa y responde: "Huh?"<br />
<br />
Ya no asumo m&aacute;s. Ahora s&oacute;lo hablo en ingl&eacute;s y posteriormente pregunto si mi interlocutor habla espa&ntilde;ol. As&iacute; como estos estudiantes, muchas otras personas, especialmente de segunda o tercera generaci&oacute;n han optado por abrazar completamente, con todo derecho, la identidad estadounidense.<br />
<br />
Sin embargo, una gran parte de los latinos se encuentra identificado con su origen y trabaja para mantener su identidad y lenguaje haci&eacute;ndolos parte de su vida diaria en este pa&iacute;s. Para ellos, el bilingualismo de Emanuel les ser&aacute; muy &uacute;til.<br />
<br />
A&uacute;n me pregunto por qu&eacute; la gran mayor&iacute;a de estadounidenses optan por limitarse con ser monoling&uuml;es. Una raz&oacute;n muy simple es la creencia que siendo Estados Unidos la naci&oacute;n m&aacute;s ponderosa del planeta, los humanos debemos todos, saber ingl&eacute;s. De ser as&iacute;, no existir&iacute;a mayor necesidad de aprender un segundo idioma. Otros motivos podr&iacute;an ser falta de tiempo, flojera o desinter&eacute;s.<br />
<br />
Lo que no parece tomarse en cuenta es que s&oacute;lo con darse la oportunidad de estudiar otra lengua, el individuo se expone a otras culturas, otros puntos de vista sociales, econ&oacute;micos y pol&iacute;ticos, y as&iacute; entiende mejor el mundo en que vivimos.<br />
<br />
Pero estudiar una lengua diferente a la propia no es ninguna f&aacute;cil tarea. Muchos que conozco dicen con orgullo: "Yo tom&eacute; cuatro a&ntilde;os de espa&ntilde;ol en el colegio". Pero como nunca lo practicaron, solamente se acuerdan c&oacute;mo decir "cerveza" o "ba&ntilde;o".<br />
<br />
Lo mismo ocurre con los que estudiaron franc&eacute;s, alem&aacute;n o lat&iacute;n. Muchas veces siento verg&uuml;enza cuando oigo estos comentarios. Uno debe pasar a&ntilde;os estudiando y practicando una lengua extranjera. Requiere de mucha dedicaci&oacute;n y disciplina.<br />
<br />
El alcalde Emanuel empieza con sus clases personalizadas, tres veces por semana. Su objetivo parece ser realista: hablar lo fundamental en espa&ntilde;ol. Aunque &eacute;l afirme que aprende r&aacute;pido y tenga bases del lat&iacute;n que estudi&oacute; anteriormente, espero que el burgomaestre comprenda que con tres clases a la semana aprender&aacute; solo lo m&iacute;nimo. Pero me parece digno de admiraci&oacute;n, siempre y cuando tenga en cuenta que si quiere dominar el idioma quiz&aacute; deba estar frente a la alcald&iacute;a por unos 21 a&ntilde;os, tal como el alcalde Daley, pero sin perder una sola sesi&oacute;n de su clase de espa&ntilde;ol. Good luck, my friend.<br />
<br />
***<br />
<em>Elio Leturia es profesor asociado en el Departamento de Periodismo de Columbia College Chicago, donde ense&ntilde;a periodismo visual. Ha trabajado para los peri&oacute;dicos Detroit Free Press, &iexcl;Exito! / Chicago Tribune y El Comercio de Lima, Per&uacute;. Tambi&eacute;n ha sido profesor de artes gr&aacute;ficas en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicaci&oacute;n de la Universidad de Lima por 10 a&ntilde;os. Su trabajo de dise&ntilde;o ha sido reconocido por la Society for News Design y la Asociaci&oacute;n Nacional de Periodistas Hispanos. Ganador de una beca Fulbright para obtener una maestr&iacute;a en periodismo de la Universidad de Illinois en Urbana Champaign. Posee adem&aacute;s un t&iacute;tulo profesional en dise&ntilde;o y comunicaci&oacute;n, y un bachillerato en comunicaciones, ambos de la Universidad de Lima, Per&uacute;.<br />
<br />
Elio Leturia es tambi&eacute;n un escritor y blogger en ingl&eacute;s y espa&ntilde;ol, y sus art&iacute;culos han aparecido en peri&oacute;dicos, revistas y enciclopedias en los EE.UU. y el extranjero. Es presidente del Cap&iacute;tulo de Chicago de la Asociaci&oacute;n Fulbright donde mantiene su blog. Leturia es tambi&eacute;n actor de teatro.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/634097/thumbs/s-FLASH-CARDS-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>&quot;Yo soy el alcalde de Chicago&quot;</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/yo-soy-el-alcalde-de-chic_b_1565550.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1565550</id>
    <published>2012-06-03T23:23:49-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-08-03T05:12:17-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[I still wonder why the vast majority of Americans simply choose to be monolingual. One simple reason would be the belief that since the United States is the most powerful nation on the planet everybody must learn English.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[Turns out that mayor Emanuel is going to take Spanish classes in order to address the Hispanics better. As my fellow citizens would say in this land: "Good for him!" Apparently, a very smart decision, and convenient, of course. Smart because the mayor could communicate better, and convenient because more people would support and sympathize with him.<br />
<br />
According to statistics, out of the 2,850,000 Chicago residents, more than a quarter are Latino. But beware, the fact that the population is Hispanic, does not necessarily mean that speak Spanish. As a native Spanish speaker and professor of journalism in Chicago I can report that many Latino students I know were not precisely raised as active participants in their culture or language of origin.<br />
<br />
More than once I have made the mistake of addressing in Spanish people who fit the stereotypical image of the Latino: dark eyes, skin and hair, whose name ends in "ez", for example. In return I have gotten some perplexed reactions and confused faces that look back at me in surprise and say, "Huh?"<br />
<img alt="2012-06-03-RahmSpanish.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-03-RahmSpanish.jpg" width="432" height="636" /><br />
<br />
 I don't assume anymore. Now I only speak English, and later I ask if my party speaks Spanish. Just as these students, many other people, especially Hispanics of second or third generation have chosen to embrace rightfully, the American identity. However, a large proportion of Latinos choose to identify with their origins and work to maintain their identity and language, making them part of their daily lives in this country. For them, Emanuel's bilingualism would be extremely useful.<br />
<br />
I still wonder why the vast majority of Americans simply choose to be monolingual. One simple reason would be the belief that since the United States is the most powerful nation on the planet everybody must learn English. There wouldn't be then, a necessity to learn a second language. Other reason could be lack of time or plain laziness.<br />
<br />
What folks do not seem to take into account is that if they were to take the opportunity to study another language, their minds would be exposed to other cultures, other social, economic and political points of view, and thus better understand the world we live in.<br />
But studying a language other than our own is no easy task. Many whom I know say with pride: "I took four years of Spanish in school." But they never practiced it, so they only remember how to say "cerveza" or "ba&ntilde;o".<br />
<br />
The same goes for those who studied French, German or Latin. Many times I feel ashamed when I hear these comments. One must spend years studying and practicing a foreign language. It requires dedication and discipline. It takes work.<br />
<br />
Mayor Emanuel starts with his personalized classes June 4, three times a week. His goal seems to be realistic: Speak basic Spanish. Although he claims that he learns quickly and has a base rooted in his previous study of Latin, I hope the mayor understands that with three classes a week he would learn only the real basics. <br />
<br />
But I find his decision worthy of admiration, as long as he keeps in mind that if he wants to master the language he may need to be in front of City Hall for about 21 years, as Mayor Daley did ... but without losing a single session of his Spanish class. <em>Buena suerte, mi amigo.</em>]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>From Pink to Brown: Latinos Come in All Shades, Shapes and Textures</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/from-pink-to-brown-latino_b_1008178.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2011:/theblog//3.1008178</id>
    <published>2011-10-14T08:17:34-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-12-14T05:12:02-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA["You don't look Peruvian," I was told once. What does a Peruvian look like? I responded. "Well, they are like this," the person answered signaling with his right hand someone who is way shorter than me.
]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA["You don't look Peruvian," I was told once. What does a Peruvian look like? I responded. "Well, they are like this," the person answered signaling with his right hand someone who is way shorter than me.<br />
<br />
What would an American think if I were to say: "You don't look American." Why? "Because you aren't blond, tall, have blue eyes, wear jeans and a flannel shirt."<br />
<br />
Things are not that black and white, or better said in this particular case, that brown and pink.<br />
We Peruvians, Mexicans, Argentinians, Latinos in general come in different heights, skin and eye colors, shapes, hair textures. Latino is not a race. Finally, the U.S. census has acknowledged that. However, most people continue calling it a race in our need to classify everything in this world.<br />
<br />
What makes someone a Latino? Their ethnic background, their culture and the values that are associated with it.<br />
<br />
I'm sure this is not the first time you have heard a statement like this one. So why do we insist into categorizing everyone and place them in different boxes? Well, for one, we need to identify what is around us, as a defense mechanism, an understanding of what surrounds us. The problem is when the classification becomes so basic and simplistic.<br />
Fortunately, for my well-being and blood pressure, people's ignorance amuses me. Whether if I am asked if in Peru there are French fries, chewing gum or nightclubs, or if <a href="http://www.aboutlima.com/" target="_hplink">Lima</a> is in the mountains, or how I am going to celebrate <a href="http://www.vivacincodemayo.org/history.htm" target="_hplink">Cinco de Mayo</a>.<br />
<br />
I am glad that little by little my fellow Americans, at least in metropolitan areas, are realizing that not all Latinos grew up eating tortillas, wearing sombreros or listening to Mariachis. We are not all either Mexican, Puerto Ricans or Cuban. That not all of us dance <a href="http://www.salsacrazy.com/salsaroots/salsaorigins.htm" target="_hplink">salsa</a>, or eat hot <a href="http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodmexican.html#salsa" target="_hplink">salsa</a>.<br />
<br />
Fifteen years ago I went to a Jewel supermarket to buy cilantro. I found it; it was three times more expensive than parsley. When I paid for it, the cashier rang it as parsley. I saved one dollar due to her ignorance. I am glad that won't happen anymore: currently cilantro is half the price of parsley and cashiers have developed a better eyesight and sense of smell.<br />
There are twenty Latino countries south of the R&iacute;o Grande, nineteen of them speak Spanish and the largest of all of them--Brazil--speaks Portuguese. Each country has its own history, customs, beliefs, governments, heroes, foods, geography. There are similarities as well, specially the idiosyncrasy imposed by the Spanish and Portuguese conquistadors, the Christian--Catholic mostly--religion, and the language.<br />
<br />
For us, North, Central and South America are called America, and it's just one continent. We live in the United States which is located in America. Once I read that the big difference between the United States and Latin America is that while the Pilgrims came to this land in search of religious freedom to build with their hard labor a new home, the conquistadors came to the southern lands to take the goods to their European kingdoms. While in the U.S. indigenous people were killed and placed in reservations, in the south they became a servile class. That created a different work ethics. While in the U.S. anybody who works hard can achieve their dream, in Latin America we grew up used to having someone to serve us, so climbing the social and class ladder is much more difficult. Also, while freedom of religion is a staple of this country, Catholicism and its repressed teachings play an important role in the mindset of the Latin American.<br />
<br />
Later waves of immigration --Italian, German, Japanese, Chinese--developed different subcultures. The native inhabitants and their different levels of progress, the diverse lands, contributed to the formation of a specific country. So not all Latinos do the tango, eat spicy hot food, or practice <a href="http://w3.iac.net/~moonweb/Santeria/TOC.html" target="_hplink">Santer&iacute;a</a>.<br />
<br />
Most of us speak Spanish but can't understand every word, so we may need a little time to understand each other. What is completely true though is that when we meet, a sense of warmth and comfort is achieved with ease. Whether is the longing for the original land, the laid back atmosphere, the closeness of our bodies or the understanding of basic life, we share the Latino pride.<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Susana Baca, the Singing Minister of Culture</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/susana-baca-singing-minister-of-culture_b_976007.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2011:/theblog//3.976007</id>
    <published>2011-09-22T12:11:16-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-11-22T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[As in many parts of the world, being black, female and of a humble origin -- read poor -- is a life challenge. But Susana Baca has overcome.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Elio Leturia</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="es" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/elio-leturia/"><![CDATA[I've followed Susana Baca's career since my college days in the late 70's, when we were still under the military dictatorship of Velasco Alvarado. Susana would appear mostly in a more intellectual circle since her artistic aspirations did not suit the popular scene.<br />
<br />
As an intellectual black woman, she chose teaching. Later on she became a pupil of the great Peruvian songwriter and singer Chabuca Granda, known worldwide for her "La Flor de la Canela" (The Flower of Cinnamon) song.<br />
<br />
"Chabuca and I were very close," she told me years ago. Unfortunately Chabuca died prematurely, before Susana crystallized the dream of her own music record.<br />
<br />
As in many parts of the world, being black, female and of a humble origin -- read poor -- is a life challenge. In Peru, not only racism exists--very ingrained in the Peruvian psyche -- but also class differences, inherited from our Spaniard past.<br />
<br />
Any person is evaluated according to his last name, the place where he was born and raised, the school and university he went to. Most times it does not matter how successful you may become because, at the end, if you are dark, have American Indian, black -- even Asian -- features and a humble beginning you won't go beyond being called "the king of the potatoes" "cholo with money" or some other condescending expressions.<br />
<br />
This happens to any person whose hue is in the brown spectrum, the darker the worse. Terms like trigue&ntilde;o (wheat color,) sacalagua (light-skinned black,) zambo (mix of black and American Indian,) injerto (mix of Asian and American Indian,) cholo blanco (light-skinned American Indian,) among others classify the variations of color and features. Susana acknowledges without fuss the racial rejection she has gone through during her life, which still exists and she will fight against.<br />
<br />
However, the now diva--currently the Minister of Culture of Peru--continued with her life of poetry, singing and research of the African Peruvian roots; always watchful and alert but appeased.<br />
<br />
What happened after is well known. Talking Heads David Byrne hears her singing "Mar&iacute;a Land&oacute;" while studying Spanish. Amazed, Byrne travels to Peru to meet her and ends up producing the CD that will make Susana a world sensation. "He didn't discover me; I already existed," she told me proudly last year at her home in Lima. Susana doesn't play the role of the subdued woman; she manifests her beliefs clearly and firmly. The softness of her words holds a strong and combative lady. We can vividly see it when she sings and captivates her audience: a contained fighting spirit.<br />
<br />
WATCH: Susana Baca sings Mar&iacute;a Lando in Buenos Aires.<br />
<br />
<object width="580" height="423"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/YVKqjcbwapU?version=3&amp;hl=en_US&amp;rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/YVKqjcbwapU?version=3&amp;hl=en_US&amp;rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="580" height="423" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object><br />
<br />
The world greets her with open arms. The Latin Grammy that she won in 2002 seals her in the hearts of a world audience. Susana becomes, finally, a Peruvian pride.<br />
<br />
"Afrodiaspora" is her thirteenth musical production that arrived to the U.S. less than a month after being appointed Minister of Culture of Peru by President Ollanta Humala. She confesses the shock her appointment was. But why could it be an unprecedented surprise when we are talking about a capable, educated and professional woman who never sold her art to the system? Would it be because the first black Minister is that, black? She says that "in Peru we don't see each other" referring to the appearance and skin color.<br />
<br />
Her detractors claim that she should sit behind a desk full time, but she will continue spreading her music around the world. A ministerial position should not exclude her art. "If I don't sing, I die," she told me.<br />
<br />
Don't die, Susana. Continue singing and showing us that our world has still a lot to learn from you.<br />
]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/358930/thumbs/s-SUSANA-BACA-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>
</feed>